Steam-engine



F. W. BUSCH.

STEAM ENGINE. APPLICATION man APR 22, ms. RENEWED MAY 23,1919. 1,401,866.

z A m .w Ga 1T- M. mm m S 03 m 1 u m F. W. BUSCH.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICAHDN FILED APR. 22.1926 RENEWED MAY 2&1919.

1,401,866, Patented Dev. 27, 1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

F. w, BUSCH.

STEAM meme. APPUCATIUN FILED APR. 2Z. I9l6- RENEWFED MAY 23; 919- 1,4O1,866. Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mmnnmcx w. Boson, or CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY,

ASSIGNOR TO WORTHINGTON FUN? AND MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF VIR- GINIA.

STEAM-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 27 1921.

Application flied April 22, 1916. Serial No. 92,891. Renewed May 28, 1919. Serial Ho. 800,478.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK Boson, a citizen of the United States, residin at Camden, in the county of Camden and State of New Jerse have invented certain new and useful mprovements in Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam engines of the construction generally desi nated as the uniflow type, and in which the live steam enters the cylinder at the ends thereof and the expanded steam is exhausted mainly through ports at or near the end of thestroke, distant from the admission port, said ports being uncovered by the piston at or near the end of its working stroke.

A The objects of my invention are: First, to construct an engine of the unifiow type as above indicated, in which all the advantages of said type are fully carried out without necessitating the use of an abnormally long cylinder and piston.

Second, to construct an engine of the uniflow type, in which the clearance and back pressure are reduced to a minimum and at the same time prevent the compression from exceeding the initial live steam pressure, thereby insuring the highest eflicicncy and economy at all speeds ofthe engine under all conditions, especially non-condensing.

Third, to construct an engine of the uniflow type in which the cylinder is provided with such an arrangement of admission and a plurality of exhaust ports and a single valve controlling at properjtimes all of said exhaust ports, so that it possible to employ a shorter cylinder an i piston. greater simplicity, less valve mecha nism, and at the same time reduce the compression lower than has been used heretofdre and produced in a unifiow engine of the same horse power.

Fourth. to construct an engine of the unifiow type in which the cylinder is provided with such an arrangement of live steam admission ports, and a plurality of expanded steam exhaust ports combined with valve niechaviism controlling all of said exhaust ports, that the lower temperature of theexpanded steam passing out of said exhaust ports will not be in proxmnty to and affect the high temperature of the live steam passing through the admission ports and into the cylinder.

()theradvantagesand ob ects of the 1nvcntion will appear from the detailed description of the construction and mode of operation of the invention to be presently disclosed.

My invention consists of structural char" acteristics and relative arrangement of elements which will be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying three sheets of drawings similar reference characters indicate the same parts in the several figures in which:

Figure 1, is a longitudinal sectional View of the engine taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 represents one-half transverse sectional views of the engine, the view on the left side of the figure being a section taken on line lI-II, while the view on the right side is a section taken on III-III of 1.

Figs. 3 to 12, inclusive. are diagrammatic views showing the different positions of the piston and ports of the single exhaust valve with rcspect to the cylinder exhaust ports, throughout one entire cycle of operation of the engine.

Figvlil is a. longitudinal sectional view of the engine partly in side elevation showing the gear for properly operating the exhaust valve.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 10 indicates a steam engine cylinder having the usual live steam admission ports 11 atihe end of the cylinder controlled by admission or inlet valves 13 operated by any convenient form of valve gear. not shown. Poppet valves 13 a re shown for controlling the admission of the live steam to thecylinder. but any other form of live steam distribution valves may be employed, without affecting the novel features of my invention and I contemplate using other forms of said valves, if so desired. It will also be understood thattvhile I haveshown valves 13 in connection with beads 14 and cylinder 10 provided with steam jackets to construct a steam jacketed or heated uniflow cylinder which is completely insulated. as illustrated, any other forms of heads and cylinders can be readily substituted therefor, or the valves may be within the cylinder casting without in on way modifying the construction and m e of operation of the essential features of my invention to be resently described. Said steam jackets of the cylinder 10 are ar- ,pansive fluid, which ranged as shown so as to not only surround the cylindrical walls of the cylinder, but also the two cylinder ends, whereby the condensation of the steam in said cylinder is reduced to amininnuu and the cylinder barrel is entirely insulated and uniformly heated in order to maintain its temperature equal to that of the incoming motive ex is most essential 1n an engine of the unitlow type. Cylinder 10 isprovided with the usual form of piston 15, connected. with a rod 15, cross-head l5 connecting rod 15", crank 15 to a shaft 15 as shown in Fig. 13, or said piston rod 15 may be properly attached to any other form of transmission mechanism, depending on the form of motion desired to be transformed from the reciprocations of the piston to the valves, 7

Preferably at the lower side and middle section of the cylinder 10 provided a cenport and between the ends of the cylinder is properly arranged a main exhaust port 17 or 18. All of said three exhaust ports 16, 17 and 18 are separated and independent of each other and lead to an communicate with a common and final exhaust opening 19, and each of said exhaust and 18 instead of being one 7 7 mg where it enters the (iylinder, is preferably formed of a series 0 openings by providing a plurality of bridge sections 10', as s own in order to have a for the lower portion of the piston over the exhaust valve and also prevent the packing rings of the piston from springing out. Uneven wear of the piston is avoided by the staggered relations of the bridge sections 10 and cylinder openings of the ports 16, 17 and 18.

In the preferred construction shown, with a single exhaust chamber and a single exhaust-controlling valve between the cylinder cogs of the three exhaust an ling valve 21. having cored therein 23524 and 25, communicating with each other and port 22 adapted to register with the central exhaust port 16, port 23 re 'sorts 22,

proper bearing 21 be connected to any moving part of the engine to be properly operated as shown for example in Fig. 13, by means of the crank arm 26, link 26*, rocker arm 26, eccentric rod 26, and eccentric'QG rotated by crank shaft 15 in order that the proper port'sof the exhaust valve 21 are correctly timed with respect to. the cylinder exhaust p 16 17 and 18 and position of piston 15.

lhe different operations of the invention throughout all its phases of movements showing the relations of the piston with the cylinder exhaust ports, and the exhaust valve ports with respect to said cylinder exhuustiports, are fully shown and will be clearly understood by following the motions of the piston and path of the exhaust steam indicated by the arrows in Figs. 3 to 12.

Fig. 3 shows the piston approaching end of stroke to the left and having begun to uncover the cylinder exhaust port 18, with the exhaust valve 21 in such a position to permit the expanded steam to exhaust through port 18, valve ports 24 and 25'to the common exhaust opening 19. 90 In Fig. 4 the piston is at end of stroke to the left and about to receive live steam and begin stroke to the right with cylinder exhaust port 18 completely uncovered and expanded steam continuing to ass out port. 18, through valve ports 24 anti 25 and opening 19.

In Fig. 5. the piston has closed the cylinder exhaust port 18 and the exhaust valve has assumed the position to permit the expanded steam to exhaust through cylinder portllfi and valve ports 22 and 25 to openmg 9.

In Fig. 6, the piston has uncovered 18and closed port 16 to the exh exhaust valve 21 has assumed such .a posi- Mon to close port 18 to the final exhaust openi g 19 and permit the expanded steam to exhaust through port 17.

In Fig. 7, the piston has uncovered ports 110 18 and 16 and closed port 17 and all cyliniport .p perly compressed to insure the ning of the engine. In Figs 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 the operations above ndicated 12 piston and exlve are moving in the opposite directlon, and the expanded steam is exhausted mainly through the port 17, instead of port hown in Figs. 3 to 7, From the foregoing disclosure of the operation of my invention, it will be seen that the cylinder exhaust ports 16, 17 and 18 are only opened one after another in unifiow aust, and the 105 primary exhaust port order, and the end or outer exhaust port 17 01' 18 opened at the end of the stroke and not the central'exhaust port 16 performs the function of the main exhaust port through which the initial or primary exhaust takes place at the end of thestroke, and the other outer exhaust port,17, or 18, depending whether it is the stroke to the rightor left, is an auxiliary and final exhaust port for that particularstroke, so that the'main or for one stroke is an auxiliary and final exhaust port for the opposite stroke, whereby the remaining vapor or highly expanded steam is emitted to escape and delay the compression until the piston 14 has cut off and closed the last mentioned end or final exhaust port 17 or 18, each of these ports 17, 18 thus forming a combined main or primary and final or auxiliary exhaust port.

It will also be seen that a piston of normal size and length is employed by my form of uniflow engine and is one-thirdin length of the piston usually employed by former constructions of uniflow engine, and consequently a cylinder utilizing my 'form of invention is capable of being one-third shorter than the usual form of uniflow engine for the same stroke.

While it is true that extra expansion chambers or clearances are connected with the cylinder during the expansion of the live steam when the piston uncovers thevports 1G and 18 as disclosed in Fi s. 6, 7, 11 and 12, yet before this additionafivolume of the ports 16 and 18 is in communication with the cylinder volume, the live steam pressure and temperature of the same have decreased to such an extent that the detriment to the expansive powers of the live steam becomes and is neg igible compared with the important benefits herein pointed out.

From the foregoing disclosure as to the construction, mode of operation and advantages of my invention it will be readily seen that all the objects recited in my statement of invention are fully carried out, and while I have described and shown my preferred form of invention, I am not limited to this. specific form, as many changes and modifications will readily suggest themselves to any one skilled in steam engine building, and include within my invention all modifications of the same which do not depart from the spirit of the invention as defined in the claims, and are so modified to suit a particular design or type'of engine.

What T claim is:

l. A steam engine of the uniflow ty e comprising a cylinder, a piston Within tlie cylinder. :1 live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controlling the admission of livesteam through said live steam ports and to the opposite sides of the piston. one intermediate and two distinct .of the cylinder, means admission of live steam trolling all of steam ports and to and independent combined main and auxiliary exhaust ports at difi'erent and separated sections along the length ofthe cylinder, and a single valve controlling the three exhaust ports at each stroke of the piston.

2. A steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder, a piston within t e cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end for controlling the through said live steam ports and to the opposite sides of the piston, distinct and independent main, intermediate and final exhaust ports at difierent and separated sections along the intermediate length of the cylinder, and a sin 1e four-ported valve controlling the main, 1ntermediate and final exhaust ports at each stroke of the pisto 3. A steam engine of the uniflow ty e comprising a cylinder, a piston within t e cylinder, :1 live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controllin the admission of live steam through sai steam ports and to the opposite sides of the piston, an intermediate auxiliary exhaust port at the center section of the cylinder, a combined main and auxiliary exhaust port between the intermediate auxiliary exhaust port and each end of the cylinder, and an oscillating and single four-ported valve consaid exhaust ports at each stroke of the piston.

4.. A'steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, meansfor controlling the admission of live steam through said live the opposite sides of the piston, th'i'ee distinct and independent exhaust poi ts iit different and separate sections ion along the length-of the cylinder and the i moved from' said ends length of the piston, and valve mechanism controlling the three exhaust ports.

5. steam engine of the uniflow ty e comprising a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controllin the admission of live steam through said live steam ports and to of the piston, an auxiliary exhaust at substantially the center section of the cylinder, a combined main and final exhaust port between the auxiliary exhaust port and each end of the cylinder, and a single valve controlling the auxiliary exhaust port and approximately the the two combined main and final exhaust the opposite sidesport 'outer ph -ts next to the cylinder ends remain exhaust port between t cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controlling the admission of live steam through said live steam ports and to the opposite sides of the piston, an auxiliary exhaust port at substan' tially the center section of the cylinder, a

lie auxiliary exaust port ant each end of the cylinder, and a sirigle oscillating and ported valve conttrolling the auxiliary exhaust port and the two main exhaust ports, said valve c0nstructed, arranged and operated whereby the main exhaust port of one stroke becomes an auxiliary exhaust port during the following st ke.

7. A steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controlling the admission of live steam through said live steam. ports and to the opposite sides of the piston,a central auxiliary exhaust port at substantially the center section of the cylinder, a combined main and auxiliary exhaust port between the central auxiliary exhaust port and each end of the cylinder, and valve mechanism controlling the central auxiliary exhaust port and the two combined main and auxiliary exhaust ports.

8. A steam engine of the unifiow type comprising a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controllin the admission of live steam throughsai live steam ports and to the opposite sides of the piston, a central auxiliary exhaust port at substantially the center section of the cylinder, a combined mam'and auxiliary exhaust 1, port between the central auxiliary exhaust.

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port and each end of the cylinder, each of said combined main and auxiliary ports re moved from the adjacent end of the cylinroximately the length of the piston ve mechanism controlling the central auxiliary exhaust po mam and auxiliary exhaust ports.

9. A steam engine comprisin a cylinder having an intermediate port an 1a. plurality of distinct and independent combined main and auxiliary exhaust ports along the len th of the cylinder, a piston controlling the in ets of said exhaust ports and valve mechanism controlling the outlets of said exhaust ports.

10. steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder having its cylindrical barrel and ends steam jacketed, a piston within the cylinder, a live steam inlet port at each end of the cylinder, means for controllingthe admission of live steam through said live steam ports and to the opposite sides of the piston, three distinct and independent exhaust ports'at different and sepaisgted sections along the intermediate length 0 the cylinder, the twoouter exhaust ports being combined main and final exhaust and the two combined ports and coiiperating at each stroke of the piston, and valve mechanism controlling said three distinct, and independent exhaust ports. I I

11. A steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder having its cylindrical. barrel and ends steam jacketed, a .pistorti within the cylinder, a live steam inlet por at each end of the cylinder, means for controlling the admission of live steam through said live steam ports and to the'oppcsite sides of the piston, an auxiliary exhaust port at substantially the center section of the cylinder, a combined main and final exhaust o en the auxiliary exhaust port and each enrLof the cylinder, and valve mechanism controlling the auxiliary exhaust port and the two combined main and final exhaust ports, said valve constructed, arranged and operated whereby the main exhaust port of one stroke becomes an auxiliary exhaust port during the following stroke.

12. A steam engine comprising a cylinder of the unifiow type having a plurality of distinct and independent combined main and finalexhaust ports and an auxiliary ex haust port interposed between said main and final exhaust ports so arranged and constructed as to enable the use of a short piston of normal length and construction, a piston within the cylinder controlling the inlets of all of said exhaust ports, and valve nechzr nism controlling the outlets of said exhaust ports;

l3. A steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder having a plurality of combined main and auxiliary exhaust ports arranged to be cove'red and uncovered by the piston, in combination with a single valve controlling each of said ports to open one of the ports for primary exhaust after the piston has passed the port, and to close said port on the return stroke and open the other combined main and auxiliary exhaust port for final exhaust.

14. A steam engine of the uniflow type comprising a cylinder having a central ex-' haust port and a combined main and aux iliary exhaust port between said central port and each end of the cylinder arranged to be of the cylinder aranged to be covered and uncovered by covered and uncovered by the piston, in combination with valve mechanism controlling each of said ports and acting-to secure the primary exhaust of the cylinder through one of said combined main and auxiliary exhaust ports when the piston has passed'said -port and further exhaust through the centml port on the return stroke until the pis- FREDERICK W. BOSCH. 

